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@PHDTHESIS{MornGuizn:1002751,
      author       = {Morán Guizán, Carla},
      othercontributors = {Heinen, Stefan and Issakov, Vadim},
      title        = {{I}mpedance matching with tunable transmission lines in an
                      advanced semiconductor process},
      school       = {Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Aachen},
      publisher    = {RWTH Aachen University},
      reportid     = {RWTH-2025-00663},
      pages        = {1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen},
      year         = {2024},
      note         = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
                      University 2025; Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische
                      Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2024},
      abstract     = {This dissertation presents a method for designing tunable
                      impedance matching networks in a 16 nm complementary
                      metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology for
                      millimeter-wave applications. Impedance mismatches,
                      particularly between the power amplifier (PA) and the
                      antenna in mm-wave front-ends, result in power loss and
                      reduced efficiency due to reflections. This work proposes
                      innovative tunable transmission line designs to mitigate
                      such issues. Transmission lines are the fundamental building
                      blocks in these matching networks, in particular slow-wave
                      coplanar waveguide (SCPW). A scalable circuit model for
                      these lines is developed, enabling a fast initial selection
                      of dimensions. The tunability is introduced using
                      transistors as switches to connect and disconnect the shield
                      from the ground network, which influences its phase constant
                      and characteristic impedance. Extensive simulations and
                      measurements validate the performance of both standard and
                      tunable transmission lines. The impact of design parameters,
                      transistor size, fill patterns, and wafer variations is
                      thoroughly analyzed. The measurements show good correlation
                      with simulations. The final part of this work presents the
                      design, fabrication, and characterization of tunable
                      impedance matching networks at 77 GHz based on the developed
                      tunable SCPWs. The network design follows a filter-like
                      structure, which allows for a wider matching bandwidth and
                      for more flexibility in the design. The simulation and
                      measurement results demonstrate that these networks
                      effectively adapt load impedances with a voltage standing
                      wave ratio (VSWR) of 2.2 and convert it down to less than
                      1.5. The average loss of 4.7 dB and the required area are
                      the main drawbacks of this approach, but could be addressed
                      in the future by optimizing of the transmission line designs
                      or exploring alternative technologies like silicon on
                      insulator (SOI) CMOS. Overall, this dissertation contributes
                      to the mm-wave circuit design field by addressing the
                      impedance matching challenge in advanced CMOS processes. The
                      presented tunable impedance matching networks show potential
                      for improving the adaptability of integrated mm-wave
                      front-ends in future wireless communication and sensing
                      applications.},
      cin          = {616110},
      ddc          = {621.3},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-82)616110_20140620$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      doi          = {10.18154/RWTH-2025-00663},
      url          = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/1002751},
}