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@PHDTHESIS{Thien:1004464,
      author       = {Thien, Julia Jutta},
      othercontributors = {Bardow, André and Koß, Hans-Jürgen and Jupke, Andreas},
      title        = {{A} microfluidic platform for the efficient determination
                      of liquid-liquid equilibria using {R}aman microspectroscopy;
                      1. {A}uflage},
      volume       = {54},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen University},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Aachen},
      publisher    = {Wissenschaftsverlag Mainz GmbH},
      reportid     = {RWTH-2025-01450},
      isbn         = {978-3-95886-542-6},
      series       = {Aachener Beiträge zur Technischen Thermodynamik},
      pages        = {1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen},
      year         = {2025},
      note         = {Druckausgabe: 2025. - Auch veröffentlicht auf dem
                      Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University; Dissertation,
                      RWTH Aachen University, 2024},
      abstract     = {Experimental liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) data are of
                      major importance for many applications ranging from
                      extraction column design to water partitioning of organics
                      in the environment. However, conventional LLE experiments
                      are time consuming and need large sample volumes. Therefore,
                      in the first part of this work, a measurement setup is
                      presented for the time- and material-efficient determination
                      of LLE data. The measurement setup combines the advantages
                      of microfluidics and Raman microspectroscopy. The small
                      dimensions of the used H-cell microchannel lead to rapid
                      equilibration and small sample consumption while Raman
                      microspectroscopy allows for rapid in-situ quantification of
                      all components. The measurement setup has successfully been
                      validated by measuring the LLE of the ternary system
                      cyclohexane – methanol – toluene. Since highest
                      efficiency and user independence can be reached by
                      automation, the setup has been adapted in the second part of
                      the manuscript to allow for an automated workflow from
                      calibration to data analysis. Pure components are premixed
                      online using a micromixer resulting in a closed system with
                      the additional advantage of avoiding potential losses of
                      volatile components. In the automated setup, one experiment
                      generates several data points for calibration and LLE data
                      measurements. The automated setup and workflow are
                      successfully validated with respect to both the integrated
                      calibration and the LLE measurements. For this purpose, the
                      two ternary systems cyclohexane – toluene – methanol and
                      n-heptane – acetonitrile – ethanol were studied.
                      However, a stable parallel microfluidic flow regime cannot
                      be established for numerous industrially relevant
                      aqueous-organic LLE systems since they tend to form plug
                      flows. These plug flows have the advantage that inner
                      circulations in the plugs enhance the mass transfer, leading
                      to a much faster equilibration. Therefore, a measurement
                      setup is presented for LLE in microfluidic plug flows in the
                      third part of this thesis. In the setup, a capillary is
                      moved against the flow direction. Thereby, one plug of
                      either aqueous or organic phase is hold in the laser focus
                      during the Raman measurement. Full automation is established
                      for the premixing of the components, the calculation of the
                      plug lengths and speeds and the Raman measurements of both
                      phases. The setup and automated measurement procedure are
                      successfully validated for the LLE of the ternary system
                      acetone – toluene – water. Using both presented setups,
                      it is now possible to measure the liquid-liquid equilibria
                      of many different systems in a highly efficient manner.},
      cin          = {412110 / 414110},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-82)412110_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)414110_20140620$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      doi          = {10.18154/RWTH-2025-01450},
      url          = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/1004464},
}