% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.
@PHDTHESIS{Kulms:1011042,
author = {Kulms, Tom},
othercontributors = {Ulbig, Andreas and Monti, Antonello},
title = {{N}etzsicherheitsmanagement in {V}erteilnetzen mit
{R}edispatch und weiteren {F}lexibilitätsoptionen},
school = {Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Aachen},
publisher = {RWTH Aachen University},
reportid = {RWTH-2025-04509},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen},
year = {2024},
note = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
University 2025; Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische
Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2024},
abstract = {The process of transforming the energy supply into a
climate-neutral system is driving the widespread expansion
of low-emission electrical generation plants and the
increasing electrification of other energy sectors. The
result is a steady increase in the installed capacity of
generation, consumption and storage systems, most of which
are connected to electrical distribution grids. Furthermore,
volatile electricity generation and the operational degrees
of freedom of flexible consumption and storage systems
result in changing usage patterns of the grid
infrastructure. The successively increasing utilization of
the distribution grids enhances the need to ensure secure
grid operation using market and grid-related measures.
Continuously, interactions between voltage levels must also
be coordinated across grid levels. In addition to the grid
operator's regulated access to generation and storage
systems (as a "market-based measure") above a fixed minimum
installed plant capacity, new market-based control concepts
are attracting attention. The subject of these concepts are
mostly generation plants below the minimum threshold and
consumption units that were previously inaccessible and
whose access costs are highly individual. The aim of this
work is therefore to develop a framework for the simulation
and quantitative evaluation of grid security management in
distribution grids with access to established, market-based
measures, as well as with extended access to unused flexible
system types. Central modelling requirements are the
consideration of system operational restrictions and the
mapping of grid-related measures such as regulating
transformers and reactive power management. While practical
solutions are being developed for low voltage, there is a
particular need for further research at higher grid levels.
The process focus is therefore on medium and high-voltage
grids, the simulation of which must be simulated across all
grid levels to assess relevant interactions. Another core
requirement is the modelling of the system operation of the
actors involved, so that the opportunity costs for
interventions in system schedules, which are often depicted
in a simplified form in research work, as well as the
changed grid usage due to proven and innovative system
operation strategies are considered. In contrast to the
state of the art, the method developed enables users for the
first time to simulate real-scale high-voltage grids,
including the underlying medium-voltage grids and system
operation, and to analyse model-endogenous interactions.
This enables an agent-based, modular process architecture,
which allows a distributed simulation during a
parallelization of calculation processes. Using the
high-performance computer at RWTH Aachen University, the
scalable method is systematically applied to the
high-voltage grid of a wind expansion region with 42
subordinate medium-voltage grids for 12 combined variants of
system and grid operation scenarios. The procedure considers
regulatory processes and prioritization principles of
interaction between grid operators. The grid security
calculations and dimensioning of measures are realized
modularly for each grid, whereby limiting requirements for
the active and reactive power exchange of the grid
interfaces can be mapped. On the system side, consumers from
all sectors (residential, commercial, industrial) and
in-stalled large-scale systems (thermal power plants,
volatile generation and storage systems, electrolysers,
large heat pumps) in the supply area are modelled. A
self-consumption-optimized operation of the consumers with
static or dynamic electricity tariffs and a market-optimized
operation of the consumer-related systems as a system
network are simulated. At the level of system operation,
there is a high economic potential to significantly reduce
the supply costs of the players through stronger market
coupling (dynamic electricity tariffs and also in
interconnected operation). Both operating scenarios cause an
increased grid load and require additional measures to be
applied (grid operation and expansion), particularly in the
medium-voltage grids. The grid integration costs of
building-related flexibility options (in particular storage,
heat pumps, electric vehicles) can be reduced by up to 25
$\%$ at this voltage level if the technologies are flexibly
integrated into the grid operation management. The
congestion costs in the exemplarily considered high-voltage
grid scenario can be reduced by up to 16 $\%$ if
flexibilities are used in grid operation, with flexibility
options installed in the medium-voltage grid contributing up
to 9 $\%$ to the potential cost reduction. There is strong
potential in the high-voltage grid by relaxing the (n-1)
security requirement: Abandoning (n-1) security for
generation volumes of renewable energy while maintaining
(n-1) security for connected consumers reduces the
congestion management costs here by up to $77\%.$
Furthermore, the modelling and analysis of active and
reactive power exchange at the high and medium voltage grid
interface shows that compliance with permissible limit
values according to current application guidelines can lead
to redispatch in the medium voltage in individual cases.},
cin = {614010},
ddc = {621.3},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)614010_20200506$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2025-04509},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/1011042},
}
guest ::