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TY  - RPRT
AU  - Söchtig, Melanie Anne
TI  - Trigeminale Innervation des olfaktorischen Systems : Anatomie und Funktion
VL  - 4372
IS  - Jül 4372
CY  - Jülich
PB  - Forschungszentrum Jülich, Zentralbibl., Verl.
M1  - RWTH-CONV-010469
M1  - Jül 4372
T2  - Berichte des Forschungszentrums Jülich
SP  - XI, 140 S. : Ill., graph. Darst. ; + 1 CD-ROM
PY  - 2014
N1  - Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache
N1  - Zugl.: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2014
AB  - The olfactory system serves for the detection of odorants and thus mainly for the identification of food sources or hazards. The trigeminal system is commonly known to have somatosensory properties. However, almost every odorant activates the olfactory as well as the trigeminal system. Many studies dealing with the perception of odorants demonstrate that there are mutual influences between the two systems, but the molecular mechanisms of these interactions are unknown. To gain a better insight into these mechanisms the trigeminal innervation of the olfactory system as well as functional aspects of the trigeminal olfactory interaction were investigated in the present work. Trigeminal fibers that contain and upon stimulation can release the peptides Substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were found in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and the olfactory bulb (OB). Within the OE in many cases these fibers are associated with cell types that differ from regular olfactory neurons. These include microvillous cells, which express components of an inositoltris-phosphate (IP3) signalling pathway and the SP receptor NK1R. Ca2+-imaging experiments show that these cells respond to SP with an increase in the intracellular Ca2+-concentration. Presumably, the response to SP is primarily carried by the release of Ca2+ from internal stores. Immunohistochemical studies indicate the expression of CGRP receptors in a subpopulation of regular olfactory neurons. In Ca2+-imaging experiments some of the cells that responded to odorants also responded to CGRP with an increase in the intracellular Ca2+-concentration. In addition, some of these cells also responded to SP indicating that they might be IP3 receptor-positive microvillous cells (see above). Preliminary results suggest that both regular olfactory neurons and microvillous IP3 receptor-positive cells can respond to CGRP. In the OB every layer is trigeminally innervated, but there is a clear preference for ventrally located glomeruli. Quantitative results show an increase in trigeminal innervation of the glomeruli during postnatal development indicating a role of trigeminal innervation of the OB in developmental processes like olfactory learning. It was not possible to clearly localize the receptors for SP and CGRP. NK1R-positive cell bodies might be local interneurons, or cells that relay signals from the OB to higher brain areas. The activation of microvillous cells by trigeminal messengers like SP might be the basis for the trigeminal modulation of odorant detection. Furthermore, a potential contribution of the trigeminal system to the protection and regeneration of the olfactory system, to olfactory stimulated food intake, and/or to olfactory learning are discussed.
KW  - Trigeminus , Geruchssinn , Riechkolben , Substanz P , Calcitonin gene-related peptide (SWD)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)11 ; PUB:(DE-HGF)29 ; PUB:(DE-HGF)3
DO  - DOI:10.18154/RWTH-CONV-010469
UR  - https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/228788
ER  -