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@PHDTHESIS{Otto:478446,
author = {Otto, Alexander},
othercontributors = {Stolten, Detlef and Palkovits, Regina},
title = {{C}hemische, verfahrenstechnische und ökonomische
{B}ewertung von {K}ohlendioxid als {R}ohstoff in der
chemischen {I}ndustrie},
volume = {268},
school = {Zugl.: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch.},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Jülich},
publisher = {Forschungszentrum Jülich, Zentralbibliothek},
reportid = {RWTH-2015-02637},
isbn = {978-3-95806-064-7},
series = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich : Reihe Energie
$\&$ Umwelt},
pages = {VIII, 272 S. : graph. Darst.},
year = {2015},
note = {Zugl.: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2015},
abstract = {The utilisation of CO2 as feedstock in the chemical
industry represents an alternative to the geological
storage, which is legally limited and socially debated.
Generally, scientific publications about the utilisation of
CO2 in chemical reactions typically address the feasibility
of the syntheses without paying attention to the CO2
reduction potential or the economy in contrast to the
conventional process of production. The aim of this doctoral
thesis is to identify chemical reactions with CO2 as
feedstock, which have the potential to reduce CO2 emissions.
These reactions are evaluated concerning the industrial
realization, CO2 balance and economy compared to the
conventional processes. To achieve this, 123 reactions from
the literature were collected and evaluated with the help of
selection criteria developed specifically for this
application. The criteria consider both, the quantitative
potential to reduce CO2 and possible economical interests in
these reactions. Additional to the process of the evaluation
of the reactions, a CO2 reduction potential of 1.33 $\%$ of
the greenhouse gas emissions within the European Union could
be calculated. For the chemicals formic acid, oxalic acid,
formaldehyde, methanol, urea and dimethyl ether, which most
fully satisfy the selection criteria, a direct comparison of
the CO2 based process with the conventional process is
performed. By literature data, process designs, and
simulations, it has been shown that the highest reductions
of CO2 emissions can be achieved for methanol with 1.43
kgCO2/kgMeOH and dimethyl ether with 2.17 kgCO2/kgDME, but
only with the assumption that the necessary hydrogen for the
CO2 based reaction is produced by electrolysis operated with
renewable energy. Overall, the CO2 based production
processes of methanol and dimethyl ether could reduce 0.059
$\%$ of the greenhouse gas emissions of the European Union
(EU) if all conventional processes are substituted in the
EU. Finally, for the CO2 based processes of methanol and
dimethyl ether it could be shown that the manufacturing
costs are 3.3 or 2.9 times higher than for the corresponding
conventional processes. The result of this are CO2 abatement
costs of 540 €/tCO2 for the CO2 based production of
methanol and 440 €/tCO2 for dimethyl ether. These
abatement costs are respectively 90 and 73 times higher than
for the geological storage of CO2. For the case, that the
production costs for the necessary hydrogen decrease from
5.22 to 1.22 or 1.76 €/kgH2 no abatement costs are
necessary.},
cin = {413010 / 155310 / 150000},
ddc = {620},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)413010_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)155310_20140620$ /
$I:(DE-82)150000_20140620$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
urn = {urn:nbn:de:hbz:82-rwth-2015-026378},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2015-02637},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/478446},
}
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