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@PHDTHESIS{Ismar:60480,
      author       = {Ismar, Peer},
      othercontributors = {Hartmeier, Winfried},
      title        = {{B}asisversuche zur {G}ewinnung von {E}thanol und
                      {W}asserstoff mit einem fotosynthetisch-fermentativen
                      {V}erbundsystem aus {A}lgen, {H}efen und {B}akterien},
      address      = {Aachen},
      publisher    = {Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University},
      reportid     = {RWTH-CONV-122188},
      pages        = {121 S.},
      year         = {2006},
      note         = {Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 2005},
      abstract     = {The potential productivity of an intended cooperative
                      process for the production of the fuels ethanol and hydrogen
                      was tested in separated trials. The intended process
                      integrates green algae, clostridia, purple bacteria and
                      yeast cells. The green algae produce sugar by photosynthesis
                      from carbon dioxide and sun light. The produced sugar will
                      be fermented to ethanol by yeast. Further the green algae
                      shall function as a light filter, eliminating short waves of
                      the light which are harmful to the purple bacteria located
                      in an inner part of the photo-bioreactor. The purple
                      bacteria produce hydrogen from organic acids which are
                      provided by the fermentation of clostridia using waste
                      material, like whey, as substrate. The results of this study
                      show that the green algae Chlorella sp. SAG 241.80 produces
                      maltose and glucose with production rates up to 476 mg of
                      sugar per litre and day over several days under laboratory
                      conditions. The photosynthetic activity of the green algae
                      results in oxygen concentrations in the photo-bioreactor
                      which are very much higher then the saturation by air. For
                      that reason the application of respiration deficient yeasts
                      with a high tolerance to increased oxygen concentration was
                      necessary. In this study respiration deficient mutants of
                      Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not show any differences in the
                      productivity of ethanol to their wild types under anaerobic
                      conditions. Under aerobic conditions the wild types remained
                      clearly behind the respiration deficient strains in their
                      productivity of ethanol. The saturation of the cultures with
                      pure oxygen had no short-term effect on the productivity of
                      the respiration deficient strains but it results in a
                      decrease of the long-term stability of not growing
                      cultures.In autotrophic co-cultures of algae and yeasts
                      production rates of 1,02 g of sugar per litre and day and
                      421 mg of ethanol per litre and day were documented over
                      several hours under laboratory conditions.For a significant
                      production of organic acids from whey by Clostridium
                      butyricum, an addition of yeast extract was necessary.
                      Thereby production rates up to 0,30 g of butyrate per litre
                      and hour, 0,16 g acetate per litre and hour and 0,49 l of
                      gas per litre and hour with a hydrogen content up to $67\%$
                      were documented. According to the dates from literature the
                      produced organic acids are excellent electron donators for
                      the hydrogen production by the anoxygenic photosynthesis of
                      purple bacteria.By the basic tests in the present study the
                      feasibility of individual processing steps of the intended
                      cooperative process was shown and their production rates
                      were investigated.},
      cin          = {100000},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {$I:(DE-82)100000_20140620$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      urn          = {urn:nbn:de:hbz:82-opus-13514},
      url          = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/60480},
}