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%0 Thesis %A Schacht, Petra Yvonne %T Bildung, Isolierung und Nachweis der mikrobiell gebildeten Speicherstoffe Polyphosphat und Polyhydroxybuttersäure bei ausgewählten Mikroorganismen %I RWTH Aachen University %V Dissertation %C Aachen %M RWTH-2016-08299 %P 1 Online-Ressource (186 Seiten) : Illustrationen, Diagramme %D 2016 %Z Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University %Z Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2016 %X The present paper is aimed at investigating to what extent the production of the microbial reserve substances polyphosphate and polyhydroxybutyrate can be enhanced and whether they can be isolated. In addition, the possibility of utilising these substances beyond their biological function in the field of environmentally friendly products and technologies is addressed. Owing to the comprehensive method development and the examination of both reserve substances, the present paper consists of three parts, namely methods of detecting the polymer compounds polyphosphate and polyhydroxybutyrate, the microbial production of polyphosphate and the microbial production of polyhydroxybutyrate. Laboratory-scale test series were performed to produce the reserve substances polyphosphate and polyhydroxybutyrate through selective enrichment of microorganisms. The methods for the isolation as well as the qualitative and quantitative detection of the reserve substances were developed and/or established. The produced polyphosphates were detected qualitatively and quantitatively by means of microscopy, fluorescence photometry and gel electrophoresis. The polyphosphates were quantified after extraction by measurement as orthophosphate. Due to a lack of uniform standards, however, the detection methods involve methodological difficulties regarding the determination of the individual chain lengths of the polyphosphates and their quantification, which is why the results should be seen with a critical eye and the detection methods require optimisation. Nevertheless, a simultaneous look at the process flow of all employed detection methods reveals consistent results, which is why the combination of the employed methods can be regarded as purposeful. The produced polyhydroxybutyrate was isolated from the cell and detected qualitatively and quantitatively. The employed detection methods included microscopy, enzyme-mediated assay and gas chromatography. The detection methods for polyhydroxybutyrate yielded satisfactory results, given the availability of suitable standard substances. The phosphate uptake and phosphate accumulation was examined on the basis of the microorganisms in sewage sludge, giving special regard to the fungus species Cunninghamella elegans. It was found that phosphate is accumulated in the cell predominantly as polyphosphate through the activity of microorganisms. At unfavourable culture conditions, such as a change in the pH value, directly or indirectly induced precipitation reactions, such as the chemical precipitation of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) occurred additionally. The carbon/nitrogen/phosphorus ratio in the employed medium was taken as a basis for the assessment of the test results. Compared to the microorganisms in the sewage sludge, the fungus species Cunninghamella elegans was found to be capable of removing from the medium and accumulating in the cell as polyphosphate the tenfold amount of phosphate. Cunninghamella elegans was able to fix a maximum of 10 %F PUB:(DE-HGF)11 %9 Dissertation / PhD Thesis %U https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/672790