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@PHDTHESIS{Oberem:788948,
author = {Oberem, Josefa},
othercontributors = {Fels, Janina and Koch, Iring},
title = {{E}xamining auditory selective attention : {F}rom dichotic
towards realistic environments},
volume = {33},
school = {RWTH Aachen University},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Berlin},
publisher = {Logos Verlag GmbH},
reportid = {RWTH-2020-04889},
isbn = {978-3-8325-5101-8},
series = {Aachener Beiträge zur Akustik},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource (III, 167 Seiten) : Illustrationen,
Diagramme},
year = {2020},
note = {Auch veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH
Aachen University; Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University,
2020},
abstract = {The aim of the present thesis is to examine the cognitive
control mechanisms underlying auditory selective attention
by considering the influence of variables that increase the
complexity of an auditory scene. Therefore, technical
aspects such as dynamic binaural hearing, room acoustics and
head movements as well as those that influence the
efficiency of cognitive processing are taken into account.
Step-by-step the well-established dichotic-listening
paradigm is extended into a “realistic” spatial
listening paradigm. Conducted empirical surveys are based on
a paradigm examining the intentional switching of auditory
selective attention. Spoken phrases are simultaneously
presented by two speakers to participants from two of eight
azimuthal positions. The stimuli are phrases that consist of
a single digit (1 to 9, excluding 5), in some experiments
followed by either the German direction “UP” or
“DOWN”. A visual cue indicates the target’s spatial
position, prior to auditory stimulus onset. Afterwards,
participants are asked to identify whether the target number
is arithmetically smaller or greater than five and to
categorize the direction. Human performance measure
differences in reaction times and error rates between the
repetition of the target’s spatial position and the
related switch (i.e. switch costs) describe the loss of
efficiency associated with redirecting attention from one
target’s location to another. To examine whether the
irrelevant auditory information is decoded, interference in
the processing of task-relevant and task-irrelevant
information is created in the paradigm. Using the
binaural-listening paradigm, the ability to intentionally
switch auditory selective attention is tested when applying
different methods of spatial reproduction. Essential
differences between real sources, an individual and a non
individual binaural synthesis reproduced with headphones as
well as a binaural synthesis based on Cross-Talk
Cancellation are found. This indicates how the loss of
individual information reduces the ability to inhibit
irrelevant information. As a step towards multi-talker
scenarios in realistic environments participants are tested
in differently reverberating environments. Switch costs are
highly affected by reverberation and the inhibition is also
impaired by to be unattended information. Age-related
effects are also found when applying the binaural-listening
paradigm, indicating difficulties for elderly to suppress
processing the distractor’s speech.},
cin = {613620},
ddc = {621.3},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)613620_20160720$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2020-04889},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/788948},
}
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