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@PHDTHESIS{Corsten:789294,
author = {Corsten, Christian Leonhard},
othercontributors = {Borchers, Jan Oliver and Brewster, Stephen},
title = {{U}se the force: how force touch improves input on handheld
touchscreens},
school = {RWTH Aachen University},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Aachen},
reportid = {RWTH-2020-05126},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 240 Seiten) : Illustrationen,
Diagramme},
year = {2020},
note = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
University; Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2020},
abstract = {Handheld devices, such as smartphones, have become
essential tools in our everyday life. We use them, e.g., to
contact people, browse the web, or take pictures. For
whatever use, to interact with the handheld device, we hold
it with one or two hands and touch with our fingers on the
built-in touchscreen. However, this interaction is often
constrained to simple contact between the finger and the
flat display glass, although touch offers further, richer
properties. One such rich property is the intensity of a
touch, i.e., its force, that the user applies with every tap
to the touchscreen. Incorporating this property into the
user’s interaction with the handheld device enables her to
become more expressive with every single touch. In this
thesis, we present a series of interaction techniques that
take advantage of force touch input to make handheld
interaction more efficient: When holding the device with two
hands in landscape orientation, most of the fingers are
unavailable for interaction, since they rest at the back of
the device (BoD), holding it in place. Using BoD force
input, we can make efficient use of these fingers without
sacrificing stability of the device grip. Our technique,
BackXPress, enables quick access to shortcuts and menus to
augment users’ touch interaction with the frontal screen.
For single-handed device use, users can only use their thumb
to interact with the frontal touchscreen but cannot reach
everywhere without re-grasping the device. Our virtual thumb
extension, ForceRay, lets the user cast a ray at unreachable
targets and control a cursor on that ray that moves closer
to these targets the more force is applied. The technique is
ergonomic for the thumb and enables users to maintain a
steady device grip. Targets located at the screen edges,
like menus and navigation buttons, are acquired quickly.
Selection of values from long ordered lists, such as picking
a date or time, can also be sped up when using force input.
With our Force Picker, users scroll through the value range
at various speeds, with the speed being coupled to the force
exerted by the thumb. Prior rolling of the thumb to the left
or right sets the scrolling direction. Compared to
touch-based pickers, our Force Picker not only makes
selection faster, but also only consumes little screen space
since the gesture footprint for force input is much smaller.
While controlling force via fingers requires practice, we
show that with training and algorithmic optimizations, users
become quickly familiar with force input and gain the
benefits of the added expressiveness for handheld
interaction.},
cin = {122710 / 120000},
ddc = {004},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)122710_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)120000_20140620$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2020-05126},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/789294},
}
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