% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded. This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.
@PHDTHESIS{Richarz:811105,
author = {Richarz, Jan},
othercontributors = {Raabe, Christian and Naujokat, Anke},
title = {{A}achen - {W}iederaufbau : {R}ekonstruktion durch
{T}ranslozierung},
school = {Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Aachen},
reportid = {RWTH-2021-00948},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource (538 Seiten) : Illustrationen},
year = {2020},
note = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
University 2021; Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische
Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2020},
abstract = {The dissertation sheds light on the historical dimension of
building relocations in urban planning. For the first time,
relocation is examined as a method for urban reconstruction.
From the detailed history of the concept and individual
examples, the relocation of the Berlin courthouse arbor
crystallizes as the ignition point of urban planning
relocations. With the first urban planning publications, the
model set a precedent. During various urban planning
interventions and breakthroughs around 1900, material worthy
of preservation was stored and reused. In cities with a
corresponding building stock, the method became a system.
Responsible for this were monument conservators, who could
not yet be sharply separated from urban planners. Finally,
relocation was used systematically on a large scale in the
urban redevelopment of the 1930s and in the reconstruction
of many large West German cities. Urban planning models make
it clear that until the 1970s, relocations were seen as an
equal response to urban development issues alongside
adaptation new construction, square reconstruction, and
arcade construction. Especially the area redevelopments from
the 1960s onward offered space for reorganized urban areas
in which original substance was supposed to bind urban
identity as an anchor of historicity and authenticity. The
individual buildings were often considered to be of little
preservation value, but in a larger context they were
perceived as having an impact on the cityscape. Only rarely
was the work done true to the original according to today's
understanding; rather, it was a matter of the ensemble
effect of certain old town areas. In this way, old towns of
typical shape were constituted, whose associated narrative
does not reveal the history of their origin to uninformed
observers - an omission that calls authenticity into
question. Despite the dismissive attitude of many experts,
many people today perceive the districts with relocated
buildings as an immanent original part of their
surroundings.In no other major German city was this done on
such a massive scale as in Aachen. In the city area, there
are at least 50 buildings whose facades consist of relocated
elements, as well as at least 15 facade reconstructions and
more than 25 other buildings constructed or supplemented
with historic building materials. This was favored by the
typical regional architecture of the bound brick building,
whose architectural structuring elements are made of
bluestone. The example is used to examine how the collection
of old building components can become a system, how a
workable consensus must be found between urban planning and
monument value. Two time phases are to be distinguished: the
actual reconstruction on destroyed building sites and the
urban redevelopment in defined areas with extensive
demolitions and new planning. Reconstruction depended
heavily on the directing protagonists. The urban design of
Aachen must be seen in the context of the city's history and
structural factors. Accordingly, the reorganization planning
has to be considered in the context of time. In order to
reappraise the history of planning and the systematic
handling of material, it was possible to access a vast
number of previously unknown sources. The core of the
dissertation is the description of the different types of
relocations in the 20th century. Here it becomes clear how
initial individual fragments and wartime destruction
successively gave rise to a stockpiling and planned use of
stored facades that had to give way to urban planning
elsewhere. It goes without saying that this method, which
was applied throughout Europe, required a massive critical
debate in which prices and professional criticism stood
irreconcilably in opposition to each other. Essential
architectural aspects, such as the special nature of the
corner, both the historical and the new interpretation of
the transitions, or the deliberate staging and idealization
of certain facades, illustrate the design aspirations of the
architects in dealing with the old material. The urban
design with old facades was part of an extremely modern
urban redevelopment, which attempted to mitigate the
structural change through visual effects. The new design of
the old town also gives a modeled framework to the
surroundings of the two central monuments of Aachen's urban
history. In conclusion, therefore, it remains to be
clarified how the monumental value of these buildings is
defined today - after the end of this urban development
phase.},
cin = {217220},
ddc = {720},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)217220_20170801$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2021-00948},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/811105},
}
Gast ::