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@PHDTHESIS{AlMahri:819391,
author = {Al-Mahri, Badr Abdulla Salem Bin Ashoor},
othercontributors = {Marquardt, Wolfgang and Hasan, Shadi Wajih},
title = {{M}echanistic modeling and experimental analysis of direct
contact membrane distillation for seawater desalination},
school = {RWTH Aachen University},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Düren},
publisher = {Shaker Verlag},
reportid = {RWTH-2021-05019},
series = {Berichte aus der Verfahrenstechnik},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen, Diagramme},
year = {2021},
note = {Druckausgabe: 2021. - Auch veröffentlicht auf dem
Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University; Dissertation,
RWTH Aachen University, 2021},
abstract = {Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging technology for
seawater desalination. The main objectives of this research
study were: (1) to design, fabricate, and install a pilot
scale direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) testing
facility, (2) to carry out experimental investigations on
the performance of the DCMD pilot scale facility in terms of
distillate production rate, recovery ratio, and performance
ratio, and identify the most important and optimum operating
conditions using orthogonal experimental design approach to
carry out experimental sensitivity analysis, (3) to carry
out short- and long-term experimental investigations at
transient conditions, (4) to develop a 2D spatio-temporal
model of DCMD that consists of experimentally-validated
parameters, and (5) to validate the 2D dynamic model at
different operating conditions. Orthogonal experimental
design, correlation analysis and response surface charts
were used to identify the parameters influencing the
operational efficiency of DCMD. The orthogonal array design
method was used to optimize the number of experimental
trials required for dependence analysis. The operating
conditions studied were feed inlet properties (temperature,
salinity, flowrate) and distillate inlet properties
(temperature and flowrate). The impact of those operating
conditions on three DCMD performance indicators - distillate
production rate, performance ratio and recovery ratio –
were investigated. and confirmed by using the Pearson
product-moment correlation coefficients. The major foulants
on the membrane surface were identified through membrane
characterization. The characterization methods employed
include scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier
transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), streaming potential analysis,
contact angle measurement, and membrane pore analysis. 2D
dynamic model was developed from convective and diffusive
heat and mass transfer to predict water flux across the
membrane, temperature polarization, concentration
polarization, and response of water flux to operational step
changes. Aside the membrane module, the dynamic profiles of
mass and temperature in the system peripheries, i.e. brine
and distillate circulation tanks, were also modelled. Model
parameters (kf, kp, αHeatloss, αCoil) were identified for
different operating conditions using raw seawater and
analytical grade NaCl solution; model accuracy was evaluated
by comparing the model predictions before and after
parameter estimation; and the calibrated model was compared
with existing literature models to test model robustness.
Higher accuracy of predictions for water flux across the
membrane, relative to literature and experimental data, was
achieved using the identified model. The 2D dynamic model
was able to predict (i) 2D dynamic profiles of the
temperature and concentration of the feed across the feed
channel, (ii) 2D dynamic profile of temperature across the
permeate channel, (iii) dynamic profiles of temperature and
concentration polarization in the module and how the
polarizations change along the flow direction, (iv) the
dynamic profiles of temperature, concentration and mass in
the peripheries, and (v) the dynamic profile of water flux
in the module and how the profile changes along the flow
direction.},
cin = {416410},
ddc = {620},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)416410_20140620$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2021-05019},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/819391},
}
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