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@PHDTHESIS{Konechnaya:839851,
author = {Konechnaya, Olga},
othercontributors = {Schwarzbauer, Jan and Sindern, Sven},
title = {{P}yrolysis-{GC}/{MS} and µ-{FTIR} analyses on natural
polymers and synthetic plastics in environmental particulate
matter},
school = {Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Aachen},
publisher = {RWTH Aachen University},
reportid = {RWTH-2022-00884},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen},
year = {2021},
note = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
University 2022; Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische
Technische Hochschule Aachen, 2021},
abstract = {Since industrialization began, petroleum, coal and natural
gas have been important resources and have been also used to
produce synthetic plastic materials. Plastics and their
characteristics as low density, light weight, durability,
transparency and even corrosion resistance made them
irreplaceable in the everyday human life. However, on
another side, breaking down to very small pieces called
microplastics, plastics can also cause potential harm to all
living beings being released into the environment.
Microplastics were found almost everywhere: in creams,
shower gels or even table salts and drinking water.
Therefore, it is important to monitor microplastics,
especially in sediments and soil. The study of this thesis
was focused in the first step on development of multi-step
approach for microplastic analysis combining grain size
fractionation, density separation and identification by
µ-FTIR-spectroscopy. In scope of this study, eight most
used polymers were investigated in four groups of grain
sizes (0.1-5 mm). For verification of micro plastic analysis
complex environmental sediment samples were chosen. In the
second step, the applicability of an easy and affordable
multi-step approach was tested on three environmental
samples including riverine, beach and backwater sediments
coming from Albania, Scotland, and India, respectively.
These intensive analysis of microplastics reveal
identification of polymers in different pollution levels,
various grain sizes and organic matter. Identification was
carried out by ATR-µ-FTIR method for bigger particles and
Imaging for small microplastics. Furthermore, the analysis
of microplastics in sediment samples was extended for grain
size fractionation down to 20 µm and additional
purification step for organic rich samples. The major
finding was the dominance of PET particles detected in the
midsize fraction (100-500 µm) with the highest frequency.
On another side, natural polymers play an important role in
the environment as well, as biogenic macromolecules or
biopolymers. They represent a major part of organic matter
in the biosphere. All organisms are composed by biopolymers
like proteins, polysaccharides, and lignin. For this second
study, natural polymers with high preservation potential
were of interest (like cutin, lignin and algaenan) which
could deal as biological indicators in the investigation of
tsunamis. In addition, substance classes as fatty acids,
n-alkanes, n-aldehydes, PAHs and steroids were tested as
indicators in tsunami layer analysis coming from extractable
and non-extractable residues. Best results as tsunami
markers provided indeed fatty acids, n-alkanes, and
steroids. Macromolecular matter as pyrolysis products could
not deliver expectable results. However, for further
investigation more analysis on tsunami sediments must be
completed, including extractable, non-extractable and
pyrolysable fractions for better understanding of tsunami.},
cin = {532410 / 530000},
ddc = {550},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)532410_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)530000_20140620$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2022-00884},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/839851},
}
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