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%0 Thesis
%A Gundlach, Michael
%T Neuroactive psychotropic drugs in aquatic systems and the co-treatment of non-target organisms
%I RWTH Aachen University
%V Dissertation
%C Aachen
%M RWTH-2022-01249
%P 1 Online-Ressource : Illustrationen, Diagramme
%D 2021
%Z Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen University 2022
%Z Dissertation, RWTH Aachen University, 2021
%X The focus on the analysis of the major consequences of human impact on Earth for different ecosystems has been constantly changing over the last centuries. A brief overview of the current situation reveals the drastic consequences of climate change and the loss of different species for life on earth and shows how much humans are changing their environment. A serious but much less visible environmental problem is the contamination of freshwater systems by micropollutants, as the resulting consequences cause massive damage at aquatic species communities and have negative impacts on human health due to the closely connected circular systems. Micropollutants are an inhomogeneous group of various microparticles and chemicals that deteriorate the quality of drinking water and which can only be insufficiently eliminated by conventional purification methods. One group of micropollutants whose concentration in the environment has been steadily increasing are human psychotropic drugs. Increasing stress in different life areas is one reason for mental illnesses like depressions and burnout, which leads to an annual increase in the development and use of neuroactive pharmaceuticals. These substances finally enter the aquatic environment through excretion or incorrect disposal and cause ecological changes in the structure of the ecosystems. The European Medicines Agency has formulated a guideline to counteract these consequences, which clearly defines a two-stage procedure for testing the environmental hazard of active pharmaceutical ingredients. However, this system operates on the principle that not all pharmaceuticals need to pass through both stages and that only OECD and ISO-validated standard tests may be used for data generation in the selection of biological test methods. This approach has clear limitations in the effect analysis of neuroactive substances because they are designed to trigger a specific effect at a specific concentration range in the nervous system. The effects that occur at the molecular and physiological levels could not uniformly be measured by general standard test methods and many problems caused by these substances could not be quantified completely. This problem has not yet been sufficiently investigated for the mixtures of these substances that always occur in the environment. A tiered approach was used to investigate the pure substance mirtazapine, artificially prepared mixtures of various neuroactive substances, and native samples from hospital wastewater. The swimming behavior of zebrafish embryos, showed a decreased activity of more than 45 
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)11
%9 Dissertation / PhD Thesis
%R 10.18154/RWTH-2022-01249
%U https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/840423