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@PHDTHESIS{Sommer:847297,
author = {Sommer, Valentin},
othercontributors = {Walther, Grit and Letmathe, Peter},
title = {{D}esign and evaluation of recycling and recovery
infrastructures for glass and carbon fiber reinforced
plastics : an application in the wind energy industry},
school = {Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen},
type = {Dissertation},
address = {Aachen},
publisher = {RWTH Aachen University},
reportid = {RWTH-2022-05229},
pages = {1 Online-Ressource : Diagramme},
year = {2022},
note = {Veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der RWTH Aachen
University; Dissertation, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische
Hochschule Aachen, 2022},
abstract = {This doctoral thesis is based on three publications that
were published in peer-reviewed journals. The thesis
contributes to the field of waste management and sustainable
material management by developing an analysis approach to
ex-ante plan economically and environmentally optimal
recycling and recovery infrastructures for future glass- and
carbon fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP/CFRP) waste. The
analysis approach is applied to a case study from wind
energy industry. The thesis is composed of a framing
preface, a main part presenting the three publications, and
a conclusion. The preface begins by stating that waste
management is considered as key to achieve a circular
economy. In this respect, the need for sophisticated
analyses is motivated to support the decision makers with
relevant information before large quantities of novel waste
masses occur. It is outlined how this specifically applies
to planning the management of future GFRP/CFRP waste. The
relevance of the applied case study in wind energy industry
is motivated by current discussions between practitioners
and academia concerning challenges in the waste management.
Afterwards, the general framework of the planning activities
is presented by introducing the waste materials GFRP and
CFRP as well as the state-of-the-art waste treatment options
and characterizing them from an economic, environmental,
regulatory and technical perspective. In this respect, the
planning problem of this thesis is described and the
requirements for the analysis approach are derived. The
subsequent literature review on Reverse Logistics places the
planning problem of this thesis in the context of literature
from the field of business and economics. Herein, an
overview of recent research is presented and the
characteristics of the planning problem for adequate
modelling are classified consistent with the literature. The
main part of the thesis is structured by three publications
in which the analysis approach is developed. The approach
consists of advanced methodologies that enable ex-ante
planning of the management of waste streams. Its application
generates relevant information for political decision makers
and investors. First, to provide a foundation for the
ex-ante planning of the waste management of GFRP/CFRP waste,
the upcoming waste streams are estimated. An estimation
approach is developed based on a simulation study,
regression analysis and a stochastic distribution function.
The results show that more than 500.000 [t] of GFRP/CFRP
waste from the wind energy industry will occur in the EU
between 2020 and 2030. For these waste streams, the optimal
treatment paths are still unknown and the required recycling
and recovery infrastructures are still missing. Second, to
analyze the optimal treatment paths from an economic
perspective, a decision support system to plan economically
optimal recycling and recovery infrastructures for GFRP/CFRP
waste is developed as an integrated mixed integer linear
optimization model for location, technology and capacity
selection. Herein, the resulting infrastructures are
evaluated by the net present value (NPV). The impact of
political regulations, such as recycling and recovery
targets as well as the impact of secondary market
development on the choice of treatment paths and on the NPV
is analyzed. Third, to demonstrate potential differences
between economically and environmentally optimal recycling
and recovery infrastructures, the decision support system is
extended to a multi-objective decision-making approach. Life
Cycle Assessment is conducted to evaluate the environmental
impact of each treatment option. The impact of political
regulations on the overall economic and environmental
benefit/ burden is analyzed by scenario analyses. In total,
the application of the developed decision support system on
the estimated GFRP/CFRP waste streams provides information
for political decision makers and investors on the choice of
technologies as well as the resulting economic (and
environmental) burdens and benefits. The results of the
evaluation from the economic and environmental perspective
show that regardless of political regulations, the optimal
treatment for CFRP is chemical recycling through solvolysis.
In contrast, the optimal treatment for GFRP is either
incineration (economically favored), mechanical recycling
(environmentally favored) and chemical recycling through
solvolysis (required in case of certain political
regulations). Besides, it is shown that adequate recycling
targets lead to good solutions from an environmental
perspective at little additional costs. In contrast, high
recycling targets lead to a deterioration of the solutions
not only from an economic but also from an environmental
perspective. In the conclusion, the main findings and the
contributions of the thesis are summarized. Herein, the
demonstration of the advantage of advanced methods in the
ex-ante planning of waste management as well as the specific
insights for stakeholders are emphasized. Although this
thesis provides a comprehensive approach for analyzing the
waste management of innovative materials in general and for
GFRP/CFRP waste in particular, there remain limitations that
are discussed. In line with this, the thesis is concluded by
the outlook on further research opportunities.},
cin = {813510 / 080053},
ddc = {330},
cid = {$I:(DE-82)813510_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)080053_20181017$},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
doi = {10.18154/RWTH-2022-05229},
url = {https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/847297},
}
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